Kathak
Kathak dance belongs to North India. It is believed that Kathak has originated from the bards (known as Kathaks or story tellers). These bards used to tell mythological tales with hand gestures and facial expressions. The word Kathak is derived from "katha" literally means to tell a story. When Mughals invaded India there was a considerable change in the form of the dance. The emphasis shifted from telling religious stories to entertainment.
Today the technique of Kathak is characterized by fast footwork (tatkar) and pirouettes (chakar). There are three gharanas (forms) of Kathak. These are Jaipur, Lucknow and the Benares. Kathak dance is perfomed on the beats percussion instruments as tabla and pakhawaj.
The dance movements end up in statuesque poses. The dance is based on the tales of Radha and Krishna and other mythological lore. There are defined gestures and facial expressions that lend a magical effect on the audience.
In modern era, through Kathak, the dancers portray the trinity of Brahma, Vishnu and Mahesh symbolizing creation, preservation and destruction. The compositions in Kathak can be divided into… Vandana (invocation to the Gods-this ritual has a parallel to Greek civilization), Thaat (the dancer performs short plays with the time-cycle), Aamad (introduction of spoken rhythmic pattern), Salaami (a salutation to the audience), Gat (scenes from daily life), Kavit (a poem set on a time-cycle), Paran (using bols from The pakhavaj also called mardal, pakuaj and mardala), Paramelu (a composition using bols reminiscent of sounds from nature, such as kukuthere, jhijhikita etc), Tihari (usually a footwork composition consisting of a long set of bols repeated thrice) and Ladi (a footwork composition consisting of variations on a theme).
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